11 клас Семестровий тест з читання

Reading Comprehension Test II  11 form

V-1

I.                   Read and decide if the sentences are true (T) or false ( F)

Youth Problems

           Life used to be fun for 'teenagers'. They used to have money to spend, and free time to spend it in. They used to wear teenage clothes, and meet in teenage coffee bars and discos. Some of them still do. But for many young people, life is harder now. Jobs are difficult to find. There's not so much money around. Things are more expensive, and it's hard to find a place to live.

        Teachers say that students work harder than they used to. They are less interested in politics, and more interested in passing exams. They know that good exam results may get them better jobs. Most young people worry more about money than their parents did twenty years ago. They try to spend less and save more. They want to be able to get homes of their own one day.

           For some, the answer to unemployment is to leave home and look for work in one of Britain's big cities. Every day hundreds of young people arrive in London from other parts of Britain, looking for jobs. Some find work, and stay. Others don't find it, and go home again, or join the many unemployed in London.

            Now an eighteen-year-old might be a punk, with green hair and chains round his legs, or a skin head, with short, short hair and right wing politics, or a 'rasta', with long uncombed hair and a love for Africa. There's a lot of different music around too. There's reggae, the West Indian sound, there's rock, there's heavy metal, country and western, and disco. All these kinds of music are played by different groups and listened to by different fans.

         When you read the newspapers and watch the news on television, it's easy to get the idea that British young people are all unemployed, angry and in trouble. But that's not true. Three quarters of them do more or less what their parents did. They do their best at school, find some kind of work in the end, and get married in their early twenties. They get on well with their parents, and enjoy family life. They eat fish and chips, watch football on TV, go to the pub, and like reading about pop stars. After all, if they didn't, they wouldn't be British, would they?

1.      Youth life is not different to the teenage one.

2.      Young people do not so much  worry about money as their parents.

3.      Young people look for a better life in big cities.

4.       They only keen on listening to one kind of music, hard rock.

5.      All British young people are in trouble.

6.      It’s typical for British youth to eat fish and chips, watch football on TV and read about pop stars.

II.                Answer the questions

1.      What are the issues for young people in Britain?

2.      What are they more concerned about?

3.      What youth subcultures are mentioned in the text?

4.      What image of a young man is created on TV, radio and in mass media?

5.      What do the British young people really like?

6.      Are they similar to the Ukrainian young people and why?

Reading Comprehension Test II 11 form

V-2

I.                   Read the text and decide if the sentences are true (T) or false ( F)

Biological Weapons

     Biological warfare is the use of any bacteria, virus or other disease-causing organism or toxin found in nature, as a weapon of war to incapacitate or kill an adversary.

      The use of biological agents for military purposes is not new, but before the 20th century, biological warfare took two main forms. The first is deliberate poisoning of food and water with infectious material and the second is the use of microorganisms, toxins or animals, living or dead, in a weapon system.

       Biological warfare has been practised repeatedly throughout human history. During the 6th Century В. С., the Assyrians poisoned enemy wells with a fungus that would make the enemy delusional. In 184 ВС, Hannibal of Carthage had clay pots filled with poisonous snakes and instructed his soldiers to throw the pots onto the decks of enemy ships, etc.

       Historical accounts from medieval Europe detail the use of infected animal carcasses by Mongols, Turks and others, to infect enemy water supplies. During the Middle Ages, victims of the bubonic plague were used for biological attacks, often by flinging their corpses and excrement over castle walls using catapults.

                    The main problem for those who'd like to use such weapons in military purposes is that a biological warfare attack would take days to implement, and therefore, unlike a nuclear or chemical attack, would not immediately stop an advancing army. As a strategic weapon, biological warfare is again militarily problematic, because unless it is used to poison enemy civilian towns, it is difficult to prevent the attack from spreading, either to allies or to the attacker, and a biological warfare attack invites immediate massive retaliation, usually in the same form.

           That is why biological weapon is militarily of little use except in the context of bioterrorism. And that is the main concern nowadays. The most common diseases known to be weaponized are anthrax, Ebola, bubonic plague, cholera, tularaemia, brucellosis, Q fever, glanders, melioidosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus, psisticosis, yellow fever, Japanese В encephalitis, and smallpox. Naturally-occurring toxins that can be used as weapons include Ricin, SEB, Botulism toxin, and many Mycotoxins, etc.

1.      Biological weapon is naturally originated.

2.      The use of biological warfare has been practiced  since the ancient times.

3.      In the Middle Ages  people refused to use the  biological weapon.

4.       Such weapon makes the immediate result.

5.      It is difficult to stop spreading of any of biological weapon.

6.      This is not a serious weapon nowadays.

II.                Answer the questions

1.      What is biological warfare?

2.      What are two main forms of biological weapon?

3.      What are the historical examples of its usage?

4.      What is the main problem of biological warfare?

5.      How is the use of biological warfare globally called  ?

6.      What are the most widespread illnesses caused by biological weapon?